New Westminster aesthetic clinic

New Westminster aesthetic clinic

Botox For Frown Lines

We're here to guide you through every step of the process, ensuring that your journey to enhanced beauty and confidence is both successful and enjoyable. Learn more about New Westminster aesthetic clinic here We're here to guide our clients through this journey, ensuring they feel supported and excited about the possibilities Cosmetic Botox brings. Our goal is to ensure everyone leaves feeling informed and excited about their Botox journey. Our skilled team is passionate about helping you look and feel your best. We've designed our scheduling system to be flexible, allowing clients to book appointments at times that work best for them, including evenings and weekends.
We believe in keeping you informed, so this email will include everything from what to expect during your consultation to how to prepare for your treatment. Our team is composed of highly skilled professionals who specialize in cosmetic treatments, ensuring you're in the safest hands. We're committed to ensuring you're delighted with your results, so we'll schedule a follow-up appointment to assess your progress and decide if any touch-ups are necessary. We're committed to creating a welcoming and stress-free environment, so you'll feel at ease throughout the process. Learn more about Botox and filler experts in New Westminster here.
It works by blocking nerve signals to the muscles, preventing them from contracting. Trust us to help you achieve a smoother, more youthful complexion with Botox. We'll provide a detailed consultation to assess your needs and give you a precise quote before proceeding. We're proud to say that our team's commitment to excellence doesn't stop at their technical skills.
Choosing Botox at Manhas Health Co. means opting for a smoother, more refreshed look with a team committed to your care and satisfaction. Botox For Frown Lines Having explored the transformative results in our Before and After Gallery, you're likely feeling inspired and perhaps curious about taking the next step with Manhas Health Co. One client shared, 'Before Botox, I constantly looked tired, no matter how rested I was. This initial meeting ensures we understand your aesthetic goals and can provide the best advice on achieving them.

Recognizing the uniqueness of each individual's needs, we customize every Cosmetic Botox treatment plan to ensure optimal results. It's not just about looking younger; it's also about feeling better in your skin. This service is tailored to smooth out lines, providing a more youthful appearance without sacrificing natural expression.

New Westminster aesthetic clinic - Botox Treatment Clinic New Westminster

  • Botox Cosmetic Injections
  • Botox Wrinkle Smoothing
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  • Botox Cosmetic Specialists
  • Botox Rejuvenation
  • Botox Cosmetic Injections
  • Botox Wrinkle Smoothing
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  • Botox Cosmetic Specialists
  • Botox Rejuvenation
  • Botox Cosmetic Injections
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  • Botox Rejuvenation
  • Botox Cosmetic Injections
  • Botox Wrinkle Smoothing
We believe that communication is key to achieving the best outcomes. During your consultation, we'll dive into your aesthetic goals, discuss any concerns, and provide a comprehensive overview of what to expect.

The procedure is quick, with minimal discomfort, and there's no downtime, meaning you can get back to your daily routine immediately. From the moment you step into our clinic, we're dedicated to making you feel completely at ease. Most clients report feeling only a slight pinch during the procedure, which typically takes just a few minutes depending on the areas being treated. Our team, comprised of highly skilled professionals, is the backbone of our success in providing top-notch Cosmetic Botox services.

We understand that everyone's skin is unique, which is why we offer personalized consultations. We don't just stop at facial rejuvenation. Unlike surgical procedures, Botox treatments don't require significant downtime. At Manhas Health Co., we're experts in administering Botox in key areas to rejuvenate your appearance and boost your confidence.

Many of our clients report a boost in self-esteem and confidence following their Botox sessions.

New Westminster aesthetic clinic - Botox For Frown Lines

  1. Botox For Migraines
  2. Cosmetic Botox Treatments
  3. Botox Wrinkle Reduction
  4. Botox For Eye Area Rejuvenation
  5. Botox For Crow'S Feet New Westminster
  6. Botox For Feet
  7. Botox For Underarm Sweating
  8. Botox For Hyperhidrosis
  9. Non-Surgical Facelifts
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Plus, we use fine needles and offer numbing options to ensure your comfort throughout the process. At Manhas Health Co., we're more than just a clinic; we're a community dedicated to helping you look and feel your best. These plans allow you to spread the cost over time, making it easier to budget for your treatment without sacrificing quality and care.

New Westminster aesthetic clinic - Botox For Hyperhidrosis

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  • Botox For Hyperhidrosis
  • Non-Surgical Facelifts
  • Affordable Botox In New Westminster
  • Botox Rejuvenation
  • Botox Cosmetic Injections
  • Botox Wrinkle Smoothing
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  • Botox Cosmetic Specialists
  • Botox For Hyperhidrosis
  • Non-Surgical Facelifts
  • Affordable Botox In New Westminster
  • Botox Rejuvenation


Non-surgical facial treatments New Westminster

Entity Name Description Source
Botulinum toxin Description for Botulinum toxin Source
Skeletal muscle Description for Skeletal muscle Source
Eyelid Description for Eyelid Source
Eye drop Description for Eye drop Source
Injectable filler Description for Injectable filler Source
Marionette lines Description for Marionette lines Source
Lip Description for Lip Source
Dermatology Description for Dermatology Source
Mohs surgery Description for Mohs surgery Source
Skin cancer Description for Skin cancer Source
Varicose veins Description for Varicose veins Source
Melanocytic nevus Description for Melanocytic nevus Source
Collagen induction therapy Description for Collagen induction therapy Source
Platelet-rich plasma Description for Platelet-rich plasma Source
Pattern hair loss Description for Pattern hair loss Source
Skin care Description for Skin care Source
New Westminster Description for New Westminster Source
British Columbia Description for British Columbia Source
Rhinoplasty Description for Rhinoplasty Source
Masseter muscle Description for Masseter muscle Source
Submental triangle Description for Submental triangle Source
Hair loss Description for Hair loss Source
Scalp Description for Scalp Source
Hair follicle Description for Hair follicle Source
Hyperhidrosis Description for Hyperhidrosis Source
Restylane Description for Restylane Source
Physiology Description for Physiology Source

Botox for crow’s feet New Westminster


The entrance to the Fraser is very striking—Extending miles to the right & left are low marsh lands (apparently of very rich qualities) & yet fr [sic] the Background of Superb Mountains—Swiss in outline, dark in woods, grandly towering into the clouds there is a sublimity that deeply impresses you. Everything is large and magnificent, worthy of the entrance to the Queen of England's dominions on the Pacific mainland. My imagination converted the silent marshes into Cuyp-like pictures of horses and cattle lazily fattening in rich meadows in a glowing sunset. The water of the deep clear Frazer was of a glassy stillness, not a ripple before us, except when a fish rose to the surface or broods of wild ducks fluttered away.

Injectables for facial contouring New Westminster

Nearby Tourist Attractions

New Westminster Museum

Tourist attraction, Archive, Museum
New Westminster Museum, 777 Columbia St, New Westminster, BC V3M 1B6
Small contemporary exhibition of local historical artifacts, records, photos & vehicles.

Fraser River Discovery Centre

Visitor center, Art museum, Children's amusement center, Science museum, Tourist attraction
Fraser River Discovery Centre, 788 Quayside Dr, New Westminster, BC V3M 6Z6
Modern museum featuring hands-on educational exhibits about the Fraser River & its history.

Samson V Museum

Tourist attraction, Historical landmark, Historical place museum
Samson V Museum, 880 Quayside Dr, New Westminster, BC V3M 6G1

FRASER RIVER NEW WESTMINSTER BC CANADÁ

Tourist attraction
FRASER RIVER NEW WESTMINSTER BC CANADÁ, Quayside Dr, New Westminster, BC V3M 6T8

Charles Rummel Park

Tourist attraction, Park
Charles Rummel Park, 3325 Piper Ave, Burnaby, BC V5A 2A8
Park featuring a playground with a splash area, plus a ball diamond, walking paths & restrooms.


Citations and other links

Botox for Lips and Cheeks New Westminster aesthetic clinic

Through client testimonials and our striking before and after gallery, the evidence of our commitment to excellence speaks for itself. I look like me, but refreshed. It's a reminder that the magic of Botox isn't just in the visible results but in the renewed confidence it instills. The cost of cosmetic Botox varies, depending on the areas treated and the amount of Botox used. Additionally, staying hydrated and applying any recommended creams or serums can aid in the recovery process.
That's why we've streamlined our process, ensuring that appointments, including consultation and treatment, are efficient without compromising on quality or safety. Let's be your partners in embracing a more confident, radiant you. Our experienced team ensures each treatment is customized to suit your specific needs, providing natural-looking results that enhance your innate beauty. We're excited for you to see the difference Manhas Health Co. can make in your life. Botox Cosmetic Procedures
After scheduling your consultation with us at Manhas Health Co., you're on the path to embracing a radiant future filled with confidence and beauty. Read more about New Westminster aesthetic clinic here Browsing through the gallery, you'll notice the precision in our work, the natural-looking results, and the attention to detail that sets us apart. It's not permanent, lasting about 3 to 6 months, which means we can adjust treatments as our clients' needs change over time. These typically subside within a few days.
It's also the perfect time to discuss your medical history and any potential impacts on your treatment plan. You're in good hands with us at Manhas Health Co. Botox, a wonder drug for many, effectively smooths wrinkles by temporarily paralyzing facial muscles. Anticipation builds as you get ready for your Botox session at Manhas Health Co., marking the first step towards achieving your desired aesthetic goals.

Botox for Lips and Cheeks New Westminster aesthetic clinic
Luxury Botox clinic New Westminster aesthetic clinic

Luxury Botox clinic New Westminster aesthetic clinic

At Manhas Health Co, we tailor every Botox treatment plan to fit the unique needs and aesthetic goals of our clients. Don't worry; all your information is kept confidential. It's incredibly rewarding to hear such positive feedback. Botox isn't just about looking younger; it's about feeling better in your skin. Afterward, there's no downtime, meaning you can return to your daily activities immediately.

For anyone curious about the transformative potential of Botox and how it could redefine their approach to aging gracefully, the insights from real client testimonials and an in-depth look into the consultation process at Manhas Health Co. might just be the guidance needed to take the next step. Botox For Glabella Lines You can pay for your Botox treatment upfront using cash, credit cards, or debit cards. Moreover, the precision with which Botox must be applied showcases the importance of professional expertise. Let's clear this up-most clients report a quick, mild discomfort at most.

We take the time to listen to your concerns, answer your questions, and craft a customized treatment plan that aligns with your goals. Before we begin any treatment, we conduct a thorough consultation to understand your medical history and any potential risks specific to you. It's important to follow post-treatment care instructions we provide, which can help reduce any discomfort and enhance the treatment's effectiveness. Our team's extensive knowledge in cosmetic Botox treatments guarantees you receive the most effective solutions tailored to your unique needs and desires.

This ensures that every treatment plan we offer is tailored to meet individual needs, maximizing the natural beauty of each client. This ensures we're on the same page and can tailor the treatment to your specific needs. Another advantage is the non-invasive nature of Botox. Whether you're looking to reduce the appearance of fine lines, prevent future wrinkles, or achieve a more rested and youthful look, we've got you covered.

Premium Botox and Filler Packages New Westminster aesthetic clinic

Our consultation process begins with a personalized assessment to understand your unique cosmetic goals and health history. We also offer Botox for hyperhidrosis, a condition characterized by excessive sweating. Transparency is key to our safety approach. Cosmetic Botox Treatments We opt for products with soothing ingredients like aloe vera and hyaluronic acid to keep our skin hydrated and to support its natural healing process.

We're committed to ensuring that your experience is as comfortable and satisfying as possible. This preventative measure can be particularly effective in areas where expression lines commonly form, such as around the eyes, forehead, and mouth.

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Lastly, we're proud to offer a new Botox service focused on the jawline.

By injecting Botox into the underarms, palms, or soles of the feet, we can significantly reduce sweat production, improving comfort and confidence. We'll discuss your medical history, any medications you're taking, and assess your skin to ensure Botox is the right choice for you. When you look in the mirror and love what you see, it changes how you carry yourself and interact with the world.

Lastly, questions about the longevity and maintenance of Botox results are common. Botox effects typically last 3 to 4 months, at which point many clients choose to have follow-up treatments. We use a fine needle for the injections, making the process as comfortable as possible.

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New Westminster aesthetic clinic lip plumping treatments
New Westminster aesthetic clinic lip plumping treatments

Understanding the cost and exploring payment options for cosmetic Botox is crucial for anyone considering this treatment at Manhas Health Co. At Manhas Health Co., we're here to support you every step of the way.

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It's a powerful thing to witness someone walk taller, smile more, and engage more openly with others because they feel good about their appearance. Our experienced practitioners are skilled in adjusting techniques and dosages to suit different facial areas, from forehead lines to crow's feet, ensuring a tailored, effective solution for each client. Our team specializes in harnessing the science behind Botox to not only reduce the appearance of wrinkles but also to prevent new ones from forming.

At Manhas Health Co., we've seen firsthand how this treatment can boost confidence and provide a refreshed, more youthful appearance. Botox Wrinkle Reduction Our team continually evaluates the latest techniques and products to ensure that your personalized plan is as effective and safe as possible. At Manhas Health Co., we recognize that every person's skin and aesthetic goals are unique. At Manhas Health Co, we pride ourselves on our state-of-the-art facilities.

Our goal is to refresh your look, making you feel revitalized and confident. But why choose Manhas Health Co. for your Botox needs, and what can you really expect from this popular treatment? Botox For Hyperhidrosis Firstly, our team consists of highly trained professionals who specialize in cosmetic Botox procedures. We're proud to display these real-life examples, as they not only demonstrate our expertise but also help potential clients visualize the potential outcomes of their own treatments.

It motivates us to continue offering the highest standard of service in New Westminster aesthetic clinic. Stick with us as we explore why Manhas Health Co. is the go-to for those looking to turn back the clock, without having to wind it up again. Essentially, Botox temporarily relaxes facial muscles, smoothing out wrinkles and preventing the formation of new ones. By carefully administering Botox in targeted areas, we can significantly reduce sweat production, offering relief and boosted confidence.

Natural Looking Botox and Fillers New Westminster aesthetic clinic

Whether it's crow's feet, forehead lines, or frown lines that bother you, we've got the expertise to address those concerns. We've embraced its magic at Manhas Health Co., introducing it as a cornerstone treatment in our quest for beauty and youthfulness. Non-Surgical Facelifts Each photo tells a story of renewed confidence and satisfaction, reflecting the high-quality care and personalized approach we're known for at Manhas Health Co.

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Let's embrace aging gracefully together, without letting wrinkles tell the whole story.
Instead, we listen carefully to your concerns and desires, ensuring that the plan we develop is tailored just for you.

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Embracing Botox as a preventative measure can be a smart part of a comprehensive skincare regimen. At Manhas Health Co., we've established ourselves as New Westminster aesthetic clinic's go-to clinic for cosmetic Botox, championing both safety and efficacy in our treatments.
With a professional touch that's neither overzealous nor underwhelming, we've embraced this innovative treatment, recognizing its potential to not only smooth out wrinkles but to also enhance one's self-confidence. We've gathered a few tips to ensure you're fully prepared for the treatment day. After submitting your details, you'll receive a confirmation email with all the appointment specifics.
Understanding how Botox works is crucial to setting realistic expectations. We take the time to listen to you, ensuring that your Botox treatment aligns perfectly with your vision of beauty. It's crucial for us to understand what you're looking to achieve so we can tailor the treatment precisely to your needs.

Learn more about New Westminster aesthetic clinic here

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Botox For Feet
Natural Looking Botox and Fillers New Westminster aesthetic clinic
Wrinkles on the face and hands are a typical sign of aging

A wrinkle, also known as a rhytid, is a fold, ridge or crease in an otherwise smooth surface, such as on skin or fabric. Skin wrinkles typically appear as a result of ageing processes such as glycation,[1] habitual sleeping positions,[2] loss of body mass, sun damage,[3] or temporarily, as the result of prolonged immersion in water. Age wrinkling in the skin is promoted by habitual facial expressions, aging, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and various other factors.[4] In humans, it can also be prevented to some degree by avoiding excessive solar exposure and through diet (in particular through consumption of carotenoids, tocopherols and flavonoids, vitamins (A, C, D and E), essential omega-3-fatty acids, certain proteins and lactobacilli).[5]

Skin

[edit]

Causes for aging wrinkles

[edit]
A woman of European origin with facial wrinkles

Development of facial wrinkles is a kind of fibrosis of the skin. Misrepair-accumulation aging theory suggests that wrinkles develop from incorrect repairs of injured elastic fibers and collagen fibers.[6][7][8] Repeated extensions and compressions of the skin cause repeated injuries of extracellular fibers in derma. During the repairing process, some of the broken elastic fibers and collagen fibers are not regenerated and restored but replaced by altered fibers. When an elastic fiber is broken in an extended state, it may be replaced by a "long" collagen fiber. Accumulation of "long" collagen fibers makes part of the skin looser and stiffer, and as a consequence, a big fold of skin appears. When a "long" collagen is broken in a compressed state, it may be replaced by a "short" collagen fiber. The "shorter" collagen fibers will restrict the extension of "longer" fibers, and make the “long" fibers in a folding state permanently. A small fold, namely a permanent wrinkle, then appears.

Sleep wrinkles

[edit]

Sleep wrinkles are created and reinforced when the face is compressed against a pillow or bed surface in side or stomach sleeping positions during sleep.[9] They appear in predictable locations due to the underlying superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), and are usually distinct from wrinkles of facial expression.[10] As with wrinkles of facial expression, sleep wrinkles can deepen and become permanent over time, unless the habitual sleeping positions which cause the wrinkles are altered.[11]

Water-immersion wrinkling

[edit]
A wrinkled finger after a warm bath

The wrinkles that occur in skin over prolonged exposure to water are sometimes referred to as pruney fingers or water aging. This is a temporary skin condition where the skin on the palms of the hand or feet becomes wrinkly. This wrinkling response may have imparted an evolutionary benefit by providing improved traction in wet conditions,[12] and a better grasp of wet objects.[13] These results were called into question by a 2014 study that failed to reproduce any improvement of handling wet objects with wrinkled fingertips.[14] However, a 2020 study of gripping efficiency found that wrinkles decreased the force required to grip wet objects by 20%, supporting the traction hypothesis.[15]

Prior to a 1935 study, the common explanation was based on water absorption in the keratin-laden epithelial skin when immersed in water,[16] causing the skin to expand and resulting in a larger surface area, forcing it to wrinkle. Usually the tips of the fingers and toes are the first to wrinkle because of a thicker layer of keratin and an absence of hairs which secrete the protective oil called sebum.

Adult sole showing water immersion wrinkling

In the 1935 study, however, Lewis and Pickering were studying patients with palsy of the median nerve when they discovered that skin wrinkling did not occur in the areas of the patients' skin normally innervated by the damaged nerve. This suggested that the nervous system plays an essential role in wrinkling, so the phenomenon could not be entirely explained simply by water absorption. Recent research shows that wrinkling is related to vasoconstriction.[17][18] Water probably initiates the wrinkling process by altering the balance of electrolytes in the skin as it diffuses into the hands and soles via their many sweat ducts. This could alter the stability of the membranes of the many neurons that synapse on the many blood vessels underneath skin, causing them to fire more rapidly. Increased neuronal firing causes blood vessels to constrict, decreasing the amount of fluid underneath the skin. This decrease in fluid would cause a decrease in tension, causing the skin to become wrinkly.[19]

This insight resulted in bedside tests for nerve damage and vasoconstriction. Wrinkling is often scored with immersion of the hands for 30 minutes in water or EMLA cream with measurements steps of 5 minutes, and counting the number of visible wrinkles in time. Not all healthy persons have finger wrinkling after immersion, so it would be safe to say that sympathetic function is preserved if finger wrinkling after immersion in water is observed, but if the fingers emerge smooth it cannot be assumed that there is a lesion to the autonomic supply or to the peripheral nerves of the hand.[20]

Other animals with wrinkles

[edit]

Examples of wrinkles can be found in various animal species that grow loose, excess skin, particularly when they are young. Several breeds of dog, such as the Pug and the Shar Pei, have been bred to exaggerate this trait. In dogs bred for fighting, this is the result of selection for loose skin, which confers a protective advantage.[21]

Techniques for reducing the appearance of aging wrinkles

[edit]
A man receiving a botox injection

Current evidence suggests that tretinoin decreases cohesiveness of follicular epithelial cells, although the exact mode of action is unknown. Additionally, tretinoin stimulates mitotic activity and increased turnover of follicular epithelial cells.[22] Tretinoin is better known by the brand name Retin-A.

Topical glycosaminoglycans supplements can help to provide temporary restoration of enzyme balance to slow or prevent matrix breakdown and consequent onset of wrinkle formation. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are produced by the body to maintain structural integrity in tissues and to maintain fluid balance. Hyaluronic acid is a type of GAG that promotes collagen synthesis, repair, and hydration. GAGs serve as a natural moisturizer and lubricant between epidermal cells to inhibit the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Dermal fillers are injectable products frequently used to correct wrinkles, and other depressions in the skin. They are often a kind of soft tissue designed to enable injection into the skin for purposes of improving the appearance. The most common products are based on hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxylapatite.

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botox is a specific form of botulinum toxin manufactured by Allergan for both therapeutic and cosmetic use. Besides its cosmetic application, Botox is used in the treatment of other conditions including migraine headache and cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis) (a neuromuscular disorder involving the head and neck).[23]

Dysport, manufactured by Ipsen, received FDA approval and is now used to treat cervical dystonia as well as glabellar lines in adults. In 2010, another form of botulinum toxin, one free of complexing proteins, became available to Americans. Xeomin received FDA approval for medical indications in 2010 and cosmetic indications in 2011.

Botulinum toxin treats wrinkles by immobilizing the muscles which cause wrinkles. It is not appropriate for the treatment of all wrinkles; it is indicated for the treatment of glabellar lines (between the eyebrows) in adults. Any other usage is not approved by the FDA and is considered off-label use.

Laser resurfacing is FDA-cleared skin resurfacing procedure in which lasers are used to improve the condition of the skin.[citation needed] Two types of lasers are used to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles on the face; laser ablation, which removes thin layers of skin, and nonablative lasers that stimulate collagen production. Nonablative lasers are less effective than ablative ones but they are less invasive and recovery time is short. After the procedure people experience temporary redness, itching and swelling.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Danby, FW (Jul–Aug 2010). "Nutrition and aging skin: sugar and glycation". Clin Dermatol. 4. 28 (4): 409–411. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.018. PMID 20620757.
  2. ^ American Academy of Dermatology. "Causes of Aging". AgingSkinNet. American Academy of Dermatology. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
  3. ^ Cosmetic Procedures for Wrinkles
  4. ^ Anderson, Laurence. 2006. Looking Good, the Australian guide to skin care, cosmetic medicine and cosmetic surgery. AMPCo. Sydney. ISBN 0-85557-044-X.
  5. ^ Schagen, S. K.; Zampeli, V. A.; Makrantonaki, E.; Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). "Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging". Dermato-Endocrinology. 4 (3): 298–307. doi:10.4161/derm.22876. PMC 3583891. PMID 23467449.
  6. ^ Wang, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas; Wunderlin, Arne; Mahadeva, Ravi (2009). "Aging as a consequence of Misrepair—a novel theory of aging". arXiv:0904.0575 [q-bio.TO].
  7. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Aging as a process of accumulation of Misrepairs". arXiv:1503.07163 [q-bio.TO].
  8. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Tissue fibrosis: a principal evidence for the central role of Misrepairs in aging". arXiv:1505.01376 [q-bio.TO].
  9. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  10. ^ Fulton, James E.; Gaminchi, F. (1999). "Sleep Lines". Dermatol Surg. 25 (1): 59–62. doi:10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.08073.x. PMID 9935097.
  11. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247 [246]. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  12. ^ Mark Changizi; Romann Weber; Ritesh Kotecha; Joseph Palazzo (2011). "Are Wet-Induced Wrinkled Fingers Primate Rain Treads?". Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 77 (4): 286–90. doi:10.1159/000328223. PMID 21701145.
  13. ^ Kareklas, Kyriacos; Nettle, Daniel; Smulders, Tom V (January 9, 2013). "Water-induced finger wrinkles improve handling of wet objects". Biol. Lett. 9 (2): 20120999. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0999. PMC 3639753. PMID 23302867.
  14. ^ Haseleu, Julia; Omerbašić, Damir; Frenzel, Henning; Gross, Manfred; Lewin, Gary R. (2014). Goldreich, Daniel (ed.). "Water-Induced Finger Wrinkles Do Not Affect Touch Acuity or Dexterity in Handling Wet Objects". PLOS ONE. 9 (1): e84949. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...984949H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084949. PMC 3885627. PMID 24416318.
  15. ^ Davis, N. (8 November 2020). "Water-immersion finger-wrinkling improves grip efficiency in handling wet objects". bioRxiv 10.1101/2020.11.07.372631.
  16. ^ "Dr Karl's Homework – Skin Wrinkles in Water (26/1/2000)". Abc.net.au. 2000-01-26. Retrieved 2019-04-30.
  17. ^ Einar P.V. Wilder-Smith; Adeline Chow (2003). "Water-immersion wrinkeling is due to vasoconstriction". Muscle & Nerve. 27 (3): 307–311. doi:10.1002/mus.10323. PMID 12635117. S2CID 45193684.
  18. ^ Einar P. V. Wilder-Smith (2004). "Water immersion wrinkling". Clinical Autonomic Research. 14 (2): 125–131. doi:10.1007/s10286-004-0172-4. PMID 15095056. S2CID 44938772.
  19. ^ H. Zhai, K.P. Whilem H. L. Maibach (2007). Dermatotoxicology. pp. 280–281.
  20. ^ G Alvarez, J Eurolo; P Canales (1980). "Finger wrinkling after immersion in water". British Medical Journal. 281 (6240): 586–587. doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6240.586-a. PMC 1713922. PMID 7427379.
  21. ^ The Dog Encyclopedia: The Definitive Visual Guide. Penguin. 15 August 2023. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-7440-8513-6.
  22. ^ Stefanaki C, Stratigos A, Katsambas A (June 2005). "Topical retinoids in the treatment of photoaging". J Cosmet Dermatol. 4 (2): 130–4. doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2005.40215.x. PMID 17166212. S2CID 44702740.
  23. ^ Brin MF, Lew MF, Adler CH, Comella CL, Factor SA, Jankovic J, O'Brien C, Murray JJ, Wallace JD, Willmer-Hulme A, Koller M (1999). "Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia". Neurology. 53 (7): 1431–8. doi:10.1212/WNL.53.7.1431. PMID 10534247.
[edit]

Military Policlinic in Legionowo, Poland

A clinic (or outpatient clinic or ambulatory care clinic) is a health facility that is primarily focused on the care of outpatients. Clinics can be privately operated or publicly managed and funded. They typically cover the primary care needs of populations in local communities, in contrast to larger hospitals which offer more specialized treatments and admit inpatients for overnight stays.

Most commonly, the English word clinic refers to a general practice, run by one or more general practitioners offering small therapeutic treatments, but it can also mean a specialist clinic. Some clinics retain the name "clinic" even while growing into institutions as large as major hospitals or becoming associated with a hospital or medical school.

Etymology

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The entrance to a surgery clinic in Greenwich, London

The word clinic derives from Ancient Greek κλίνειν klinein meaning to slope, lean or recline. Hence κλίνη klinē is a couch or bed and κλινικός klinikos is a physician who visits his patients in their beds.[1] In Latin, this became clīnicus.[2][3]

An early use of the word clinic was "one who receives baptism on a sick bed".[4]

Overview

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A medpunkt (health care access point) delivers primary health care to the residents of the village of Veliki Vrag, Russia.

Clinics are often associated with a general medical practice run by one or several general practitioners. Other types of clinics are run by the type of specialist associated with that type: physical therapy clinics by physiotherapists and psychology clinics by clinical psychologists, and so on for each health profession. (This can even hold true for certain services outside the medical field: for example, legal clinics are run by lawyers.)

Some clinics are operated in-house by employers, government organizations, or hospitals, and some clinical services are outsourced to private corporations which specialize in providing health services. In China, for example, owners of such clinics do not have formal medical education. There were 659,596 village clinics in China in 2011.[5]

Health care in India, China, Russia and Africa is provided to those regions' vast rural areas by mobile health clinics or roadside dispensaries, some of which integrate traditional medicine. In India these traditional clinics provide ayurvedic medicine and unani herbal medical practice. In each of these countries, traditional medicine tends to be a hereditary practice.

Function

[edit]
Policlinic in Karl-Marx-Stadt, German Democratic Republic

The function of clinics differs from country to country. For instance, a local general practice run by a single general practitioner provides primary health care and is usually run as a for-profit business by the owner, whereas a government-run specialist clinic may provide subsidized or specialized[dubiousdiscuss] health care.

Some clinics serve as a place for people with injuries or illnesses to be seen by a triage nurse or other health worker. In these clinics, the injury or illness may not be serious enough to require a visit to an emergency room (ER), but the person can be transferred to one if needed.

Treatment at these clinics is often less expensive than it would be at a casualty department. Also, unlike an ER these clinics are often not open on a 24/7/365 basis. They sometimes have access to diagnostic equipment such as X-ray machines, especially if the clinic is part of a larger facility. Doctors at such clinics can often refer patients to specialists if the need arises.[6]

Large outpatient clinics

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Children Policlinic in Novokosino District of Moscow

Large outpatient clinics vary in size, but can be as large as hospitals.

Function

[edit]

Typical large outpatient clinics house general medical practitioners (GPs) such as doctors and nurses to provide ambulatory care and some acute care services but lack the major surgical and pre- and post-operative care facilities commonly associated with hospitals.

Policlinic in Vilnius-Karoliniškės, Lithuania

Besides GPs, if a clinic is a polyclinic, it can house outpatient departments of some medical specialties, such as gynecology, dermatology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, neurology, pulmonology, cardiology, and endocrinology. In some university cities, polyclinics contain outpatient departments for the entire teaching hospital in one building.

Internationally

[edit]
Policlinic in Písek, Czech Republic

Large outpatient clinics are a common type of healthcare facility in many countries, including France, Germany (long tradition), Switzerland, and most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (often using a mixed Soviet-German model), as well as in former Soviet republics such as Russia and Ukraine;[7] and in many countries across Asia and Africa.[8]

In Europe, especially in the Central and Eastern Europe, bigger outpatient health centers, commonly in cities and towns, are called policlinics (derived from the word polis, not from poly-).

Recent[when?] Russian governments have attempted to replace the policlinic model introduced during Soviet times with a more western model. However, this has failed.[9]

In the Czech Republic, many policlinics were privatized or leasehold and decentralized in the post-communist era: some of them are just lessors and coordinators of a healthcare provided by private doctor's offices in the policlinic building.[10]

India has also set up huge numbers of polyclinics for former defense personnel. The network envisages 426 polyclinics in 343 districts of the country which will benefit about 33 lakh (3.3 million) ex-servicemen residing in remote and far-flung areas.[11]

Policlinics are also the backbone of Cuba's primary care system and have been credited with a role in improving that nation's health indicators.[12]

Mobile clinics

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Hinduja National Hospital's mobile clinic
A mobile health clinic operated from a truck

Providing health services through mobile clinics provides accessible healthcare services to these remote areas that have yet to make their way in the politicized space. For example, mobile clinics have proved helpful in dealing with new settlement patterns in Costa Rica. Before foreign aid organizations or the state government became involved in healthcare, Costa Rica's people managed their own health maintenance and protection.[13] People relied on various socio-cultural adaptations and remedies to prevent illnesses, such as personal hygiene and settlement patterns.[13] When new settlements that sprang up along the coast became "artificial" communities, and due to lack of traditional home healing practices here, alternative methods such as mobile clinics had to be implemented in these communities for the protection and prevention of diseases.[13]

A study done in rural Namibia revealed the health changes of orphans, vulnerable children and non-vulnerable children (OVC) visiting a mobile clinic where health facilities are far from the remote villages.[14] Over 6 months, information on immunization status, diagnosis of anemia, skin and intestinal disorders, nutrition, dental disorders was collected and showed that visits to mobile clinics improved the overall health of children that visited regularly. It concluded that specified "planning of these programs in areas with similarly identified barriers may help correct the health disparities among Namibian OVC and could be a first step in improving child morbidity and mortality in difficult-to-reach rural areas."[14]

A mobile clinic run from a pickup truck in Yemen

Food supplementation in the context of routine mobile clinic visits also shows to have improved the nutritional status of children, and it needs further exploration as a way to reduce childhood malnutrition in resource-scarce areas. A cross-sectional study focussed on comparing acute and chronic undernutrition rates prior to and after a food-supplementation program as an adjunct to routine health care for children of migrant workers residing in rural communities in the Dominican Republic.[15] Rates of chronic undernutrition decreased from 33% to 18% after the initiation of the food-supplementation program and shows that the community members attending the mobile clinics are not just passively receiving the information but are incorporating it and helping keep their children nourished.[15]

Types

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Storefront clinic in Manhattan

There are many different types of clinics providing outpatient services. Such clinics may be public (government-funded) or private medical practices.

  • A CLSC are in Quebec; they are a type of free clinic funded by the provincial government; they provide service not covered by Canada's healthcare plan including social workers
  • In the United States, a free clinic provides free or low-cost healthcare for those with little or without insurance.
  • A retail-based clinic is housed in supermarkets and similar retail outlets providing walk-in health care, which may be staffed by nurse practitioners.
  • A general out-patient clinic offers general diagnoses or treatments without an overnight stay.
  • A polyclinic or policlinic provides a range of healthcare services (including diagnostics) without need of an overnight stay
  • A specialist clinic provides advanced diagnostic or treatment services for specific diseases or parts of the body. This type contrasts with general out-patient clinics.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ κλινικός in A Greek–English Lexicon. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  2. ^ clinicus in A Latin Dictionary. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  3. ^ Partridge, Eric. Origins: A short etymological dictionary of modern English. Book Club Associates, 1966.
  4. ^ Clinic, Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
  5. ^ "Statistical Communiqué on the 2011 National Economic and Social Development". stats.gov.cn. National Bureau of Statistics of China. 22 February 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
  6. ^ "Clinic search engine tools to find the right Clinic". 123 clinic. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  7. ^ NLH – Health Management – Policlinics. Retrieved 3 July 2008.[permanent dead link]
  8. ^ Google
  9. ^ Ershova I, Rider O, Gorelov V (December 2007). "Policlinics in London". Lancet. 370 (9603): 1890–1. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61793-0. PMID 18068500. S2CID 43512994.
  10. ^ David Rath: Trnitá cesta privatizace českého zdravotnictví, Hospodářské noviny, 10 September 1996
  11. ^ "199 Additional Polyclinics For Ex-Servicemen". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 26 May 2010.
  12. ^ Cuba's primary health care revolution: 30 years on, Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  13. ^ a b c Morgan, Lynn M. (February 1993). Community Participation in Health: The Politics of Primary Care in Costa Rica. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511558092. ISBN 978-0-521-41898-0. Retrieved 8 May 2020. cite book: |website= ignored (help)
  14. ^ a b Aneni, Ehimen; De Beer, Ingrid H.; Hanson, Laura; Rijnen, Bas; Brenan, Alana T.; Feeley, Frank G. (2013). "Mobile primary healthcare services and health outcomes of children in rural Namibia". Rural and Remote Health. 13 (3): 2380. ISSN 1445-6354. PMID 24016257.
  15. ^ a b Parikh, Kavita; Marein-Efron, Gabriela; Huang, Shirley; O'Hare, Geraldine; Finalle, Rodney; Shah, Samir S. (September 2010). "Nutritional Status of Children after a Food-Supplementation Program Integrated with Routine Health Care through Mobile Clinics in Migrant Communities in the Dominican Republic". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 83 (3): 559–564. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0485. ISSN 0002-9637. PMC 2929051. PMID 20810820.

Cosmetic may refer to:

  • Cosmetics, or make-up, substances to enhance the beauty of the human body, apart from simple cleaning
  • Cosmetic, an adjective describing beauty, aesthetics, or appearance, especially concerning the human body
  • Cosmetic, a topical product that is not a drug
  • In-game cosmetics, video game virtual goods that generally offer no competitive advantage

See also

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